Proton Conductivity Measurement of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane in Film Thickness Direction Using Small-Size Electrodes

Synthesis and characterization of modified κ-carrageenan for enhanced proton conductivity as polymer electrolyte membrane

Polymer electrolyte membranes based on the natural polymer κ-carrageenan were modified and characterized for application in electrochemical devices. In general, pure κ-carrageenan membranes show a low ionic conductivity. New membranes were developed by chemically modifying κ-carrageenan via phosphorylation to produce O-methylene phosphonic κ-carrageenan (OMPC), which showed enhanced membrane co...

Proton Conductivity of Graphene-based Nafion® Catalyst Layer for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

Small field size dose-profile measurements using MAGIC- f polymer gel dosimeter and EBT3 film dosimeter

Introduction: In radiotherapy, treatment planning methods are evaluating and transforming every day, so precision in calculation and determination of dose delivery process is performing more important role in radiotherapy than past. In modern radiotherapy treatments, deramatically increase of small fields utilization, causes the polymeric gels has known as the most reliable dos...

Time-dependent Diffusion Coefficient of Proton in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane

We investigated the time-dependent self-diffusion coefficients of water, , in polymer electrolyte membranes at 278 K. The was measured from 0.7 to 100 ms by field gradient NMR techniques. The results showed that the self-diffusion coefficients of water were dependent on less than 2 ms due to restricted diffusion, and were constant beyond 3 ms. The tortuosity and surface-to-volume ratio related ...

Charge Transport in Conducting Polymer Film Electrodes

A polymer film electrode can be defined as an electrochemical system in which at least three phases are contacted successively in such a way that between a first-order conductor (usually a metal) and a second-order conductor (usually an electrolyte solution) is an electrochemically active polymer layer. The polymer layer is more or less stably attached to the metal, mainly by adsorption (adhesi...